Sunday, 11 October 2015

Definations ( CMYK,Pixels,Resolution and etc)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             DEFINITIONS 

What is CMYK?
                             The CMYK color model (process color, four color) is a subtractive color model, used in color printing, and is also used to describe the printing process itself. CMYK refers to the four inks used in some color printing: cyan, magenta, yellow and key (black). Though it varies by print house, press operator, press manufacturer, and press run, ink is typically applied in the order of the abbreviation.
The "K" in CMYK stands for key because in four-color printing, cyan, magenta and yellow printing plates are carefully keyed, or aligned, with the key of the black key plate. Some sources suggest that the "K" in CMYK comes from the last letter in "black" and was chosen because B already means blue.] Some sources claim this explanation, although useful as a mnemonic, is incorrect, that K comes only from "Key" because black is often used as outline and printed first.
The CMYK model works by partially or entirely masking colors on a lighter, usually white, background. The ink reduces the light that would otherwise be reflected. Such a model is called subtractive because inks "subtract" brightness from white.

In additive color models such as RGB, white is the "additive" combination of all primary colored lights, while black is the absence of light. In the CMYK model, it is the opposite: white is the natural color of the paper or other background, while black results from a full combination of colored inks. To save cost on ink, and to produce deeper black tones, unsaturated and dark colors are produced by using black ink instead of the combination of cyan, magenta and yellow. It is used for printing, there is an example of cmyk.

                                                       



What is RGB?
RGB (red, green, and blue) refers to a system for representing the colors to be used on a computer display. Red, green, and blue can be combined in various proportions to obtain any color in the visible spectrum. Levels of R, G, and B can each range from 0 to 100 percent of full intensity. Each level is represented by the range of decimal numbers from 0 to 255 (256 levels for each color), equivalent to the range of binary numbers from 00000000 to 11111111, or hexadecimal 00 to FF. The total number of available colors is


In the Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the color for a page background or text font is specified by an RGB value, expressed with six digits in hexadecimal format. The first and second digits represent the red level; the third and fourth digits represent the green level; the fifth and sixth digits represent the blue level. In order to actually display the colors for all possible values, the computer display system must have 24 bits to describe the color in each pixel. In display systems or modes that have fewer bits for displaying colors, an approximation of the specified color will be displayed.


In creating Web pages, the number of RGB values that are recommended for use is considerably reduced - first, by the fact that many displays can handle only 256 colors and, secondly, because PC and Mac Web browsers. RGB is used for digital , screen monitors phones.






What are Pixels?
Pixel is basically a mixture of ‘Picture' and 'Element’. Pixels collectively create images that one can see on a digital screen display. Generally, the higher the pixel counts within a digital image, the sharper the image. A digital camera usually produces better images because they produce a higher pixel count. It makes the image more suitable for enlargements and allows more possibility for image cropping. Pixels are a basic measuring unit in computer imagery. It is used in cameras, screens, TVs, etc., anywhere an image is displayed. It is also considered as a physical point in a raster image or the smallest element that is displayed in an image. An image is often made up of small pixels that come together to form a bigger picture. Pixels can also be used as color dots to create a whole image, where pixels represent colors in the image.





What is resolution?
The process or capability of making distinguishable the individual parts of an object, closely adjacent optical images, or sources of light
A measure of the sharpness of an image or of the fineness with which a device (as a video display, printer, or scanner) can produce or record such an image usually expressed as the total number or density of pixels in the image <a resolution of 1200 dots per inch>
In Physics & Chemistry: The act or process of separating or reducing something into its constituent parts: the prismatic resolution of sunlight into its spectral colors.
The fineness of detail that can be distinguished in an image, as on a video display terminal.
The amount of detail that the camera can capture is called resolution. It is determined by the dimension of the unit of information representing an image. In optics, resolution is the ability to distinguish two separate objects. The resolution of a system is based on the minimum distance at which the two objects can be separated and distinguished as individuals. The resolution depends on the aperture of the instrument and the wavelength of the observed light. The resolution of digital images can be described in many ways including pixel resolution, spatial resolution, spectral resolution, temporal resolution and radiometric resolution.
Resolution can be measured in 3 ways:
Sample per inch (spi, scanners)
Pixel per inch (ppi, monitors)
Dots per inch (dpi, printers)

EXAMPLE Notice when an image is magnified to its full extent, it shows tiny squarethat make up the picture. These are pixels; these pixels together make up the image that is being displayed. Screens and TVs that are available these days come with a fixed pixel amount, which is given under resolutions. This determines the quality of the image that would be available on the screen. The higher the resolution, the higher the pixel count, which results in a better image.


what are registration marks?
Marks made to a surface to help with alignment. A registration mark is commonly used with printing to help ensure the print is aligned properly.




. What is Bleeds?
bleed is printing that goes beyond the edge of the sheet before trimming. In other words, the bleed is the area to be trimmed off. The bleed is the part on the side of a document that gives the printer a small amount of space to account for movement of the paper, and design inconsistencies. Artwork and background colors can extend into the bleed area. After trimming, the bleed ensures that no unprinted edges occur in the final trimmed document.
It is very difficult to print exactly to the edge of a sheet of paper/card so, to achieve this, it is necessary to print a slightly larger area than is needed and then trim the paper/card down to the required finished size. Images, background images and fills which are intended to extend to the edge of the page must be extended beyond the trim line to give a bleed.

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